One hundred and fortyfour chinese l1 secondyear universitylevel participants. Helping students overcome foreign language speaking. The primary goal of this research was to identify those factors that may contribute to anxiety, and those factors that may reduce anxiety in an attempt to understand more fully the role that anxiety may play in learning a foreign or second language. An investigation of foreign language classroom anxiety and its relationship with students achievement. Exploring the role of anxiety and motivation in foreign. Language stress and anxiety among the english language learners. I cant think of a thing when my teacher calls on me. Cheng, horwitz, and schallert 1999 stated that writing anxiety is a languageskill specific anxiety, which is different from a general classroom type of anxiety p. Pdf esl students classroom anxiety lawrence jun zhang.
The effect of anxiety on learnin english as a foreign language. Strongly agree agree neither agree nor disagree disagree strongly disagree 2. Alsaraj, 2011, 2014 and an arabic version of the multicultural personality questionnaireshort form mpqsf. It is meant to assess the degree of foreign language anxiety in the efl classroom and in conversation with native speakers of english. Use the link below to share a fulltext version of this article with your friends and colleagues. The questionnaire used in this study is the abbreviated form of foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas. Besides, the 33 item foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas developed by horwitz, et al. An inventory is also used to determine different situations that provoke anxiety. Alsaraj institute of education, university of london when a student. Foreign language learning anxiety in china theories and.
Language anxiety can originate from learners own sense of self, their selfrelated cognitions, language learning difficulties, differences in learners and target language cultures, differences in social status of the speakers and interlocutors, and from the fear of losing self. Physical, emotional, expressive, and verbal reactions 3 cognitive tension when their expectations about the content and organization of a course are not met, and affective tension when there is unsatisfactory interaction with other learners or the instructor spielmann and radnofsky, 2001. The possibility that anxiety interferes with language learning has long interested scholars, language teachers, and language learners themselves. Finally, this foreign language classroom anxiety scale was used to measure two dimensions of foreign language classroom anxiety. However, second language research has neither adequately defined foreign language. Esl students language anxiety in inclass oral presentations. Language learners usually express anxiety, apprehension and nervousness when learning a new language. They went on to complete two comprehension measures. Research has repeatedly showed that language learners are generally different in their demonstrations of anxiety horwitz, et al. I never feel quite sure of myself when i am speaking in my foreign language class. Foreign language anxiety among japanese international. When considering the introduction for this paper it struck me that we often talk of and hear about best practice in pedagogy, testing, management, administration call and such but that we omit what the fundamental purpose of all these is. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours.
Foreign language learning anxiety has long been recognized as one of the factors affecting the effectiveness of language learning but research findings have shown conflicting results. Foreign language learning anxiety in japanese efl university. I dont worry about making mistakes in language class. An investigation of foreign language classroom anxiety and. Foreign language anxiety has long been recognized by both classroom teachers and researchers in second. Foreign language is not intended to be in contrast with second language. Foreign language reading anxiety in a chinese as a foreign. Choi language anxiety in second language writing 4 research spotlight on l2 writing anxiety and on efl contexts.
Discussion it is paramount that the individual results are discussed with the foreign language teacher of the student, so that adequate measures can be taken to. Helping students overcome foreign language speaking anxiety. Pdf the role of foreign language classroom anxiety in english. Foreign language anxiety, or xenoglossophobia, is the feeling of unease, worry, nervousness and apprehension experienced in learning or using a second or foreign language. The important term in the last sentence is anxiety. Pdf on jan 1, 2006, katalin piniel and others published foreign language classroom anxiety. Pdf helping students overcome foreign language speaking. Already the focus of much interest for 50 years, the study of foreign language learning anxiety flla still remains a popular research topic among scholars in western countries.
By employing both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, park has provided an important contribution to understanding the underlying constructs of the foreign language classroom anxiety scal. Also, according to daly 1978, writing apprehension. Pdf foreign language classroom anxiety of arab learners. From a perspective on foreign language learning anxiety to. An adapted version of the foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas was used as pre and post measures. Esl students language anxiety in inclass oral presentations a thesis submitted to the graduate college of marshall university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of arts in english by yusi chen approved by dr. Language anxiety in second language writing university of hawaii. When language teachers ask students to talk about themselves in front of their classmates, we are putting them in an especially vulnerable position. Despite the fact that foreign language speaking anxiety is a common phenomenon in the teaching of english as a foreign language in greece, teachers do not always identify anxious students, and often attribute their unwillingness to participate in speaking tasks to factors such as lack of motivation, or low performance. Introduction foreign language anxiety has been discussed since 1980as by many researchers e. Thus, this study recruits 100 college students to fill out the foreign language classroom anxiety scale to investigate language learning anxiety. The impact of teaching songs on foreign language classroom anxiety 515 students had a perfect attendance 12 sessions out of 12, while the remaining student missed one session. Foreign language reading anxiety a case with american.
An investigation of foreign language classroom anxiety. Foreign language anxiety of students studying english. Pdf on jan 1, 2016, zdena kralova and others published foreign language anxiety find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Foreign language reading anxiety in a chinese as a foreign language context 156 reading in a foreign language 291 language use.
The feelings may stem from any second language context whether it is associated with the productive skills of speaking and writing or the receptive skills of reading and listening. Pdf foreign language classroom anxiety authors oscar soto. The hflcas is a 33item likerttype scale with five possible responses ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Analyses from flcas indicate a significant reduction in fla levels among learners in both groups over time, with a slightly better improvement among learners in the drama group. Then, this study designs and develops an affective tutoring system to conduct an empirical study. Foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas the example above shows how a students level of anxiety decreased in each of the three categories, implicitly in the overall score. The feelings may stem from any second language context whether it is associated with the productive skills of speaking and writing or the receptive skills of reading and. According to horwitz, horwitz, and cope 1986, foreign language anxiety is as a distant complex of. Numerous studies in the communication discipline have explored the negative impacts of communication apprehension on college students and ways. Alexander poole, gail kirby, and janet applin college of education and behavioral sciences western kentucky university this study aims to investigate the foreign language anxieties japanese.
Sources of anxiety foreign language teaching methods. Wherever a person is learning a language as a result of living in the country where it is spoken, or learning it with an instructor in a classroom, we will use the term foreign language learning. Foreign language anxiety in inclass speaking activities. Pdf foreign language classroom anxiety of arab learners of. The present study reports on the effect of learners positive orientation, perceived teacher and student emotional support on their foreign language classroom anxiety. Pdf positive orientation and foreign language classroom. Types of foreign language learning anxiety research papers.
Anxiety is the subjective feeling of tension, apprehen. Variables such as individual differences still cloud the relationship between anxiety and achievement, thus suggesting that further research should be conducted in order to clarify the effects of foreign language anxiety and should strive to alleviate learners anxiety in the language classroom. The impact of language anxiety on academic achievement. Comparison of two models of foreign language classroom. Attention was focused on the participants beliefs, experiences, and feelings in order to generate an enlightening narration of the participants perspectives of foreign language anxiety. To achieve the purposes, foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas and language learning orientations scale llos were administered to 264 participants. The primary research in fl anxiety has centered on the difficulties caused by anxiety on oral performance aida, 1994. Foreign and second language anxiety language teaching. Students perspectives on foreign language anxiety eric. Finally, students gpa in english classes is taken to find its relationship with language anxiety. The findings reveal that most students suffered from average to high anxiety levels.
Through the interview format, stephen krashen, alice omaggio hadley, tracy terrell, and jennybelle rardin offer their perspectives on language anxietya complicated. I cant learn a foreign language no matter how hard i try. Pdf on jan 1, 2001, nilufer bekleyen and others published the role of foreign language classroom anxiety in english speaking. After horwitz, horwitz, and cope 1986 proposed that a specific anxiety construct which they called foreign language anxiety was responsible for students uncomfortable experiences in language classes and offered an instrument, the foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas, to measure this anxiety, findings concerning anxiety and.
Spanish version of the foreign language classroom anxiety scale. The present study focuses on the link between psychological, sociobiographical and linguistic variables and foreign language classroom anxiety of 348 arabic learners of english 250 females, 98 males. Foreign language classroom anxiety horwitz 1986 the. This article aims to contribute to the literature on language anxiety and. Language anxiety from the foreign language specialists. View types of foreign language learning anxiety research papers on academia. Despite the fact that foreign language speaking anxiety is a common phenomenon in the teaching of english as a foreign language in greece, teachers do not always identify anxious students, and often attribute their unwillingness to participate in speaking tasks. Foreign language classroom anxiety among english for. Flla is believed to be an important cause of students dumb english. Data were collected using the arabic foreign language anxiety questionnaire aflaq. Foreign language learning anxiety in japanese efl university classes. It is intuitive that anxiety would inhibit the learning andor production of a second language l2. The effects of speaking anxiety on foreign language learning. Physical, emotional, expressive, and verbal reactions 5 students in englishmedium business classes at a university in hong kong found that a combination of anxiety, cultural, and personal factors contributed to the lack of participation in discussions.
By employing both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, park has provided an important contribution to understanding the underlying constructs of. This study utilized the qualitative research tradition, the phenomenological interview, with the inclusion of a quantitative component. English use and test anxiety questions 1 to 9, and english language class anxiety questions 10 to 24. The following is an examination of language anxiety from the language specialists perspective. The program was conducted in an empty classroom of the school attended by the participating students. Learning a second or foreign language in the classroom is not always an anxiety free experience. As noted in horwitz, horwitz, and cope 1986, fla possibly results when people dont feel like themselves when speaking the other language. The program instructor was an esl teacher with 15 years. In order to measure foreign language anxiety, the foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas has been. The data were obtained through an adapted questionnaire based on horwitzs foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas, 1986 and burgoons unwillingness to communicate scale ucs, 1976 to measure the learners pre and post anxiety levels. The impact of language anxiety on academic achievement among. Communication apprehension was found to be the main source of participants fla followed by fear of negative evaluation and test anxiety.
The participants also completed the foreign language classroom anxiety scale flcas developed by horwitz, horwitz, and cope 1986. Factor structure of the foreign language classroom anxiety. Theory and practice of second language acquisition, 2, 1, 4163. Why do some people feel anxious when speaking a new language.